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1. Resistive System
In this type of touch two sheets are used one is conductive and the other is resistive. These are present under glass panel. There is a space between two sheets so that current pass when touch made. Now when we touch the screen pressure forced both layers to contact at a certain point. This cause variation in already present electric field, which inform the system that touch is felt and action is taken by OS to give desire result.
2. Capacitive System
Second type is capacitive touch. A capacitive touchscreen panel consists of an insulator such as glass, coated with a transparent conductor . As we know that human body is also an electrical conductor, touching the surface of the screen results in a variation of the screen's electrostatic field, this change can be measured in capacitance. The location of touch is then sent to the system controller for processing. Unlike a resistive touchscreen, one cannot use a capacitive touchscreen through most types of electrically insulating material, such as gloves; one requires a special capacitive stylus, or a special-application glove with an embroidered patch of conductive thread passing through it and contacting the user's fingertip. This disadvantage especially affects usability in consumer electronics, such as touch tablet PCs and capacitive smartphones in cold weather.
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3. Surface Acoustic Wave System
The third type is Surface Acoustic wave energy (ultra sonic waves) system, in which the concept of wave energy is used. Touch enables to transform one energy into other. This transformation helps OS to act accordingly. A pair of transducers is used which are placed on glass plate sides. Reflectors are used in the glass plate. On touching the screen the waves are absorbed, this change in ultrasonic waves send signal to OS and act as require.
